Java is a class-based, object-oriented programming language designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible. The basic unit of code in Java is a Class, and every application must have a main method as an entry point.

Use Java for enterprise-level applications, Android development, and large-scale backend systems where "Write Once, Run Anywhere" (WORA) is essential.

• JVM (Java Virtual Machine): Executes Java bytecode.
• JRE (Java Runtime Environment): Provides the libraries and JVM to run Java apps.
• JDK (Java Development Kit): Tools needed to develop Java apps (includes JRE + Compiler).

java Standard
public class HelloWorld {
    // Entry point of the program
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("Hello, Interview Forge!");
    }
}

• Case Sensitivity: Forgetting that main is different from Main.
• File Naming: The file name must exactly match the public class name (e.g., HelloWorld.java).
• Static Context: Trying to access non-static variables directly from the static main method.